# IGameState

A game state encapsulate the rules of a game and exposes common methods required to play it.

{% hint style="info" %}
A game state should be made immutable.
{% endhint %}

```csharp
public interface IGameState<TMove, out TResult>
{
    PlayerIndex CurrentPlayerIndex { get; }

    IEnumerable<TMove> GetAvailableMoves();

    TResult GetResult();

    IGameState<TMove, TResult> Move(TMove move);
}
```

## Generic Types

### TMove

A type used to represent a move in the game. For simpler games like noughts and crosses, this is often an integer representing the index of a tile on the grid. There is a type available for representing a tile index called GridMove.

### TResult

A type used to represent the end result of a game. For games still in progress, a null value should be returned. Faze provides some predefined types which are common across games like WinLoseDrawResult.&#x20;

You may want to define your own result type for your game. The benefits of this can be:

* Use to collect additional information about the end state. E.g. in chess you could have a 'IsCheckmate' flag.
* Handle multiple winners and querying the result for a given player.

Special tree result mappers can be defined to aggregate the data in a game's result.

## Members

### CurrentPlayerIndex

```csharp
PlayerIndex CurrentPlayerIndex { get; }
```

A game state is responsible for keeping track of who the current player is. Some games will have a fixed number of players or will initialised with a value. The PlayerIndex type encapsulate this value and is essentially an id which uniquely identifies a player. It is up to the caller which player that id will map to.

### GetAvailableMoves

```csharp
IEnumerable<TMove> GetAvailableMoves();
```

This method will return all available moves the current player can make. This, in conjunction with the `Move` method is used to create the game tree from a state.

This should return an empty list if the game has ended

{% hint style="warning" %}
Currently there is only support for games with a finite move set and there is an assumption that all the moves are only available for the current player.
{% endhint %}

### GetResult

```csharp
TResult GetResult();
```

Null if the game is still in progress, otherwise a value will signal the end of the game.

### Move

```csharp
IGameState<TMove, TResult> Move(TMove move);
```

Returns the next state given a move. This method should not alter the original game state in any way.

## Example

The example code below shows a very simple one player game `LeftOrRightHand`. There are two available moves, pick the left hand (true) or the right (false). If you guess correctly you win (true), otherwise you lose (false).

```csharp
public class LeftOrRightHand : IGameState<bool, bool?>
{
    private readonly bool leftHand;
    private readonly bool? result;

    public static LeftOrRightHand Initial(bool leftHand) 
        => new LeftOrRightHand(leftHand, result: null);

    private LeftOrRightHand(bool leftHand, bool? result)
    {
        this.leftHand = leftHand;
        this.result = result;
    }

    public PlayerIndex CurrentPlayerIndex => PlayerIndex.P1;

    public IEnumerable<bool> GetAvailableMoves() => result != null 
        ? new[] { true, false }
        : new bool[0];

    public bool? GetResult() => result;

    public IGameState<bool, bool?> Move(bool move)
    {
        return new LeftOrRightHand(leftHand, move == leftHand);
    }
}
```